The paper presents the analysis of the impact of oil viscosity on the vibroacoustic signal generated by a planetary gearbox operating at variable load. A diagnostic experiment was conducted at a laboratory rig for testing planetary gearbox which was lubricated with a dedicated ISO 150 viscosity class oil and much lower viscosity class 5W40 oil. The gearbox was subjected to two types of sinusoidal load and to a random load corresponding to the load of the main gearbox of the KWK 1500s bucket wheel excavator used in opencast mining. The diagnostic method was proposed based on the analysis of the dependence of the gearbox characteristic orders amplitudes on the load. The effectiveness of the method in detecting the changes in vibration acceleration signals caused by the oil viscosity changes was proved.
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